TOPIC Color Light & Circadian Rhythm
by Deborah Burnett, ASID CMG Thomas Jefferson Medical Center Newsletter Published 01/24/09 Science Daily http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/01/090122093918.htm Published 02/01/07 Science Daily http://www.sciencedaily.com/videos/2007/0204-fly_jet_lag_free.htm by Deborah Burnett, ASID CMG Bridge for Design Magazine Spring 2008  by Eve Edelstein, PhD Implications Volume 7 Issue 02 http://www.informedesign.umn.edu/_news/april_v07r-pr.2.pdf < Published Derungs Medical Lighting by Hong - In Cheng, Kyong - Hee Lee and Hosoong Lee Be sure to check out this well documented study on color by Stephan Dain By Maninder Dhallwal Monday 28, April 2008 The Case for Darkness
Deborah Burnett, ASID CMG Yes!... I’m finally beginning to feel like my old self! It’s been rough since the Spring Equinox and the roll back to Daylight Savings time, but my biological clock is finally entraining to longer days and shorter nights…. and I’m not alone. For the two week period following the transition to Daylight Savings Time, recent studies have also shown an increase in cardiac admissions and a rise in traffic accidents to also occur. ( Kantermann, T. et al 2007) Sure, blame it on the loss of an hour’s sleep, but my spin is that we humans are also keying in on the unusual equality between light and dark during the celestial Spring Equinox thus bringing about the fractured sleep, daytime fatigue and an unsettling feeling of unease so many experience. So when a few hours of unusual light cues and a 1 hour sleep loss can disrupt so many, what happens when we continually push with ever increasing 24/7 artificial light at night? Could it be a disruption so great to the human system to bring about a rise in the occurrences of cancer, obesity, metabolic syndrome, ADHD and many other modern day afflictions? Not a new question since 1963 when Wurtman and colleagues first reported that nighttime melatonin synthesis in the pineal gland was under the inhibitory control of light, we’ve known that the delicate balance of environmental light and dark played a major role in our overall health, yet we continue with wholesale indiscriminate use of bright nighttime artificial light. And this is especially concerning when you consider that less than 10 foot candles of room light during a period naturally intended for darkness is enough to suppress a major hormone, it is a tribute to our body’s designer that we are functioning as well as we have these many years under the glare of artificial 24/7 light( Zeitzer J. et al 2000). So what role does the designer of the built environment play in all of this? First of all, I’m not suggesting that we take the blame nor forgo the use of artificial light after dark, but rather that we, the entire A&D community dig deeper into the evidence-based data on how light and darkness affect the human body and brain, and then apply that research to not only patient rooms, but EVERY SPACE we design: from public gathering areas and workplace environments, to residential homes and bedrooms. Ever building we construct, every room we design, all must be crafted with a skill set knowledgeable into how we are dependent on light zeitgebers such as daytime blue wavelength light, a mid period of white to red shifted evening light, and sustained low-light darkness at night in order to correctly signal bodily and neurological functions necessary for our healthy survival. And once we collectively decide to support the body and brain with our creative efforts, we will be designing….. with darkness in mind. Duffy, J.F. et al ( 2005) Entrainment of the human circadian System by light BIOLOGICAL RHYTHMS 2005 Aug; 20(4): 326-38 Kantermann, T. et al ( 2007 ) The human Circadian clock’s seasonal adjustment is disrupted by daylight savings time. CURRENT BIOLOGY 2007 Nov 20;17(22);1996-2000.Epup 2007 Oct 25. Wurtman, R.J. et al ( 1963) Melatonin synthesis in the Pineal gland: control by light. SCIENCE 1963 Nov 22;142:1071-3 Zeitzer et al ( 2000 ) Sensitivity of the Human Circadian Pacemaker to nocturnal light: melatonin phase resetting and suppression. JOURNAL of PHYSIOLOGY 526.3, 695-702 © copyright 2000 DESIGN SERVICE INC.
One thing researchers do know, on the other hand, is how the time shift affects one of our most primal regulatory systems: the body clock. There’s an impact whether we “spring forward” on the first Sunday in April or, as we do this year, on the second Sunday in March, said George Brainard, a professor of neurology at Jefferson Medical College. The annual switch has the potential to affect our bodies in two ways, said Brainard, a leading expert on the impacts of light on the body's daily rhythms. First, many people, rather than curtailing their waking activities, will simply lose an hour of sleep tonight, he said. Second, some people may experience mild forms of the sort of malaise that comes with jet lag, Brainard said. That’s because our physiological clocks take their cues from sunlight, via special cells in the eye. These cells relay messages to the brain about when to adjust hormone levels and rev up the body for the day's activity. “Light is such a powerful stimulus, even though it's often below our level of consciousness,” Brainard said.
Back to Top 5/ 13/09
© copyright 2000 DESIGN SERVICE INC.
Deborah Burnett is a nationally recognized health and wellness design authority and keynote presenter bridging the gap between science and evidence based epigenetic design which explores how the body and brain are affected by the interior environment. As a member of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine she specializes in research and design pertaining to how color, light, sound and daylight affect sleep.
The information contained, linked and presented on this website is not intended as specific medical advice and is not a substitute for professional medical treatment, diagnosis or intervention
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Illuminating the Future
– with Jim Benya, Jennifer Veitch and Susan Szenasyn
Knowledge to Practice: Epigenetic Design and the Built Environment
– VELUX Daylight Symposium
Evidence-Based Lighting Design, Deborah’s new book
– Wiley, Spring 2014!
Daylighting and Its Impact on Infertility
– The Daylight Project, UK Infertility Awareness Week
on, signals from the environment to express ( turn on ) without changing the sequence of the gene, the flood gates were opened for scientific and medical research demonstrating how and why the extracellular environment is affecting genetic expression and the consequences it has on our body, brain and emotions. Known as ZEITGEBERS, the main environmental cues responsible for genetic signaling are LIGHT and TEMPERATURE and when the cyclic nature of these naturally occurring cues are disrupted, then the body and brain respond with health and wellness related consequences. And it's these same cues within the built environment that are largely determined and controlled by architects, designers, contractors and building occupants. Afterall, it's the architect who determines the size and location of a structure's windows and openings to the exterior, the designer who is responsible for the indoor artificial lighting levels and natural light blocking window coverings, and the building occupant who makes the decision to maintain a constant indoor climate even though we are designed to experience warmer 
daytime air temps and cooler nights. In all cases, an artificial disruption of the naturally occuring cycle of varying day /night ambient temperatures and ever changing light levels throughout a 24.2 hour period is specified without first understanding how and why the body and brain will react to artificially manipulated light and temperature zeitgerbers. And when the consequences of not understanding will someday be measured in rising breast cancer rates, increasing waist bands and failing grades, the intent-driven design practice of EPIGENETIC DESIGN and the push to inform the public and A&D community to the health related consequences of their design and lifestyle decisions becomes apparent. 
moms, dads and the average guy on the street, understand the importance of the design/health relationship regarding the spaces they occupy everyday and go home to each night ? Again,the answer is simple; because when we take up the challenge of EPIGENETIC DESIGN and approach each and every project from a human- centered perspective... we all win. By designing each and every space from jails to hospitals, homes to hotels, and schools to sports arenas, with the body and brain in mind BEFORE we consider the aesthetic and economic constraints, THEN we truly have created a health conducive, aesthetically pleasing, nurturing place in which we ALL can work, shop, relax, learn, heal and…. call home!